Andrew bell



(Model.)

A.BBLL. WATER FILTER.

Patented Jan. 24,18 82.

NA PETERS, PhDlo-Lrlhlrnphar. Wzlhlluknn, D. C

NITED STATES PATENT ENCE.

ANDnEw BELL, CE MANCHESTER, COUNTY CE LANCASTER, ENGLAND..

WATER-FI LTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 252,718, dated January 24, 1882. Application filed July 5, isst. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ANDREW BELL, a subject ot' the Queen of' Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Manchester, county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain Improvements in Water-Filters, of whiclrthe f'ollowing is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce a rapid water-filter, combining efficiency of' action and facility for cleansing with lowness of cost. I charge a reversible chamber with filtering media, and I employ a screw tovcompress the filtering media and also to tighten the joints between the chamber and the hase and cover of the same. 'l he said screw engages with a bridle which is hinged to the base, and acts upon the upper one of two grids, between which the filtering media are compressed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lV represents a vertical section of' the filter; and

Fig. 2 is a curtailed outside view, showingthe connection of the bridle with the base.'

In Fig. 1, a is the chamber, bis the cover, c is the base, d is the screw, and c is the bridle. The chamber consists of a cylinder open at both ends and entering annular groovesf'orin ed in. the cap and base. The base c is formed with an inlet-passage, f, for unfiltered water, and is provided with an outlet-tap, g, for'unfiltered water. If it is not considered to be necessary to provide for the drawing of unfiltered water through the base, the tap g may be dispensed with. A recess is formed in the base, and over this recess is placed a perforated disk or grid, h.v The space above this grid is filled with the filtering media, and asecond grid, t', is placed on the top of the lling. In practice I use silicate-cotton, otherwise termed slag-wool, and animalcharcoal, a layer, 7c, of the former being first placed at the bottom of the chamber, which is then nearly filled with granulated or coarsely-powdered animal-charcoal. (Represented by the darker portion of the filling. A second layer, l, of' silicate-cotton is placed on the top of the charcoal, and the grid t' is placed in position.

The bridle e is formed at each end with'a hook, and each hook engages with a stud, m, which is 'cast on the base, as indicated by the dotted lines, and as shown in Fig. 2'. In the center of' the upper part of the bridle a hole is turned up into a vertical position.

drilled or formed, and is tapped to suit the screw. tering media the cover is placed in position, and the bridle is hooked onto the studs and is Thev screw can then be screwed downward by turning the key or handle u, so that the end ot' the screw passes through a hole in the cover and bears upon the center of the grid t'. The said grid can thus be forced downward by means of' the screw, so as to compress-.the filtering media to any desirable extent, the filtering action increasing u effect, but losingin rapidity,wilh an increasein the compression ofthe media. Rings of vulcanized caoutchouc are placed in the grooves in the cover and base, and the two ends of the chamber bed upon these rings. A wing nut, o, is tapped to suit the screw, and when the filtering media have been sufficiently compressed this nut is screwed tightly down upon the cover, whereby the joints at the two ends of the chamber are tightened, so as to prevent the escape of' water. .The bridle e, with its screw, thus forms the means for keeping the parts of the filter together, and at the same time for compressing` the filtering material.

When the chamber is charged with lil- A leather, lead, or' tin washer muy be interposed between the cover and thenut o; ortho joint may be faced or packed or otherwise rendered suitably tight.

The inlet f is coupled or connected in any ordinaryor suitable manner with the watersupply pipe.

The cover is provided with an outlet-tap, p, and when this tap is opened the water flows through the grids and the filtering media, and is received in a filtered condition from the tap. When the tap g is opened any dirt which has collected in the recess inthe base is carried out by the flow of' water.

then it is considered to be desirable to cleanse the filter the nut ois slackened and the screw is turned until the bridle can be turned back so that the cover can be lifted off. The chamber is then lifted oft' the base, inverted, and replaced, so that the end which was the inlet end of' the chamber will be the outlet. The cover' is then replaced and is tightened up by means of' thenut; butthe screw is not turned suiciently to compress the filtering media. The water is then allowed to flow through the IOO media while they are free from compression, and as the Witte;1 ows in a contrary direction to the previous flow it carries off the impurities from the upper end of the filter. When the water runs quite clear the nut 0 is slackened and the screw is turned to compress the filtering media. As the silicatecotton is a inineral and is not subject to' decolnposition,Icon siderit to be very suitable for the purpose; but any suitable medium or media may be substituted for it or for the animal-charcoal.

The chamber may be otherwise than cylindrical in form; but I prefer that form, as I can produce the chambers at a low cost by cutting up a cast-iron pipe'into lengths.

I claim- 1. The combination of the cylinder a., adapted to receive filtering media, and the cover and base with a bridle, c, hinged to the base, ascrew, d, and nut o, all substantially as described.

2. The combination of thc filtering-cylimler, cover, base,and movable grids between which the filtering media are contained, with a bridle connected to the base, a screw bearing on one 0f the grids, and a nut on the screw adapted to bear on the cover, all substantially as set forth.

3. The combination ofthe cover and the recessed hase, one having an inlet and the other an outlet, with a reversible cylinder containing filtering media and loose grids, the lower one adapted to rest on the base, substantially as specilied.

In testimony whereof' I have signed my name to this specification in the presence oi' two subscribings,r witnesses.

ANDREW BELL.

Witnesses EDWARD K. DU'lToN, DAVID FULTON. 

